---

Abstract:This paper presents a unique battery testing and quantification system to conduct advanced studies on battery State-of-Health (SoH) and State-of-Charge (SoC). Improvements to the lead acid battery requires an intimate understanding of factors contributing to reduction of lifespan and causes of inaccurate SoC measurements. To study these properties, a testing system is developed with an objective that is two-fold. First, battery behavior and precise SoC is studied through life-cycle tests from inception to analyze charge efficiency and voltage stability during charge and discharge cycles. Secondly, time and frequency domain analysis are conducted to provide insights into spectral harmonics governing electrochemistry. By administering three unique test pulses after each charging cycle, a window into quantifying battery SoH and its correlation with inaccurate SoC measurements can be identified. The test system provides an industrial tool for analyzing battery performance, as well as an educational tool for studying the utilization of energy storage.

---