^a Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Thailand.
^b Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Thailand.
^c Research Unit for Energy Economic and Ecological Management, Science and Technology Research Institute,
Chiang Mai, Thailand.

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Abstract: This study aims to compare the amount of carbon footprint (CF) in a laboratory-scale production of upgraded biodiesel from used vegetable oil (UVO) by different energy sources. The system boundary marked by a Business to Business (B2B) approach is applied in two scenarios and includes pre-treatment, biodiesel conversion and quality improvement via thermal cracking and catalytic cracking reaction using Zeolite HZSM-5 as a catalyst. The first scenario is carried out by using electricity as a heating energy source in thermal cracking reaction while the second scenario is carried out by using LPG gas as a substitute for electricity. The primary data were directly collected from production and the secondary data were obtained from existing databases relevant to this study’s topic. The result of the study shows that using LPG gas as a substitute for electricity evidently reduces the total amount of CF by approximately 31%. However, the major cause of GHG emission in the two scenarios is electricity consumption.

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