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Abstract: One of the utmost challenges faced by developing countries is its energy sector. The epileptic power supply in some of these countries is becoming alarming and this is somewhat due to its over-reliance on fossil fuels which is not reliable enough to meet the energy needs of the populace. Fossil fuels are well-known to be dangerous to the environment as it leads to its deterioration by pollution resulting from the emission of greenhouse gases. It is high time these countries focused their strength on a clean and renewable energy source such as the energy derived from biological materials (biomass). Africa as a continent has a sufficient supply of waste biomass, yet, it has not gone far in terms of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) exploration which could have been of immense importance to her economic growth and reduce her problem of erratic power supply. This study aims in looking at where Africa stands in terms of plant biomass production and some of the steps taken so far for effective biomass utilization for energy generation, using Nigeria as a case study.

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